عوامل خطر در بروز لنگش در گله های شیری
محورهای موضوعی :
1 - عضو هیئت علمی
کلید واژه: فاکتورهای خطر, لنگش, گاوشیری, تغذیه, تراکم, سم چینی,
چکیده مقاله :
لنگش و عوارض آن از اصلی ترین عوامل زیان اقتصادی درگلههای شیری هستند. لنگش عارضهای چندین عاملی است، که بدون مدیریت فاکتورهای خطری که احتمال رخداد آن را در گله افزایش میدهد نمیتوان نسبت به شناسایی و کنترل آن اقدام نمود. در مقاله حاضر مروری سیستماتیک بر فاکتورهای خطر لنگش شده است. این مرور، به دنبال تعاریف بالینی از فاکتورهای خطر و علل ایجادی یک عارضه صورت گرفته است و به دنبال آن عوامل خطر لنگش ناشی از رخدادها در دامداری یا محيط نگهداري (جنس سقف، شیب سقف، ارتفاع سقف، شیب کف، زهکشی کف، فواصل سالنها از شیردوشی، انتظار شیردوشی، راهروها، حمامهای سم)، مربوط به مدیریت (تغذیه، تراکم، ترکیب گله، روز شیردهی، جابجایی گله، شیردوشی، کودروبی، شعله دهی، بسترسازی)، خارج از محيط و مربوط به اقلیم و جغرافیا (دما، رطوبت، بارش، باد، ارتفاع از سطح دریا، ، مدیریت استرس گرمایی و نزدیکی با سایر واحدهای دامپروری) و مربوط به دام (شرایط بدنی دام یا BCS، میزان تولید شیر، بیماریهای همزمان، بودجه بندی زمان) مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. هر یک از عوارض بالا با توجه به شرایط ایران ارزیابی شده و ارزش کاربردی هر یک از قسمتها درایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
Lameness and its consequences are one the most important causes of economic losses in dairy farming. Lameness is a multifactorial condition that can be managed by knowing its risk factors and their importance in specific farms and conditions. Current article focusses on understanding value of causative agents and risk factors in a condition like lameness and evaluating risk factors in dairy farms. Risk factors were classified into farm building or environment factors (Top roof of the barns and its slop and height, flooring and its drainage, distance to milking parlour, milking parlour collecting area, alleys and foot bathes) Managerial factors (Nutrition and feeding, overstocking, herd composition, days in milk, cow movements in the herd, slurry cleaning and drainage, bedding) environment (Temperature, humidity, raining, wind, altitude, heat stress management) and cow factors (body condition scoring, milk production, concurrent diseases, time budgeting). Each factor was analysed in Iran’s dairy farming situation and applied methods of its management were discussed.
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