تاندون، اختلالات تاندونی و سلول درمانی در تاندون
محورهای موضوعی : علوم جراحی دامپزشکی شامل جراحی های بافت های سخت و نرممهدی بهفر 1 * , محمد حسین فرجاه 2
1 - دانشگاه ارومیه
2 - دانشگاه ارومیه
کلید واژه: تاندون, سلول درمانی, کلاژن ,
چکیده مقاله :
تاندون یا زردپی یک باند محکم و مستحکم از جنس بافت همبند فیبروزی است، که عضله را به استخوان متصل می کند. این ساختار توانایی انتقال نیرو های مکانیکی حاصل از انقباض ماهیچه ها به سیستم اسکلتی را دارد. تندینایتیس یک واژه ی عمومی است، که اغلب برای توصیف موقعیت های دردناک تاندون ناشی از کشیدگی های مداوم، استفاده ی بیش از حد، دژنره شدن و یا بیومکانیسم ضعیف تاندون به کار می رود. تندینوپاتی اغلب ناشی از تلاش های بی نتیجه بدن جهت احیای مجدد تاندون است که یک درگیری پاتولوژیکی منجر به نقص در عملکرد آن شده است. روش های مختلف درمانی برای مدیریت اختلالات تاندونی به کار رفته است. سلول های بنیادی به دو دسته تقسیم می شوند. سلول های جنینی ( که بسیار بالقوه هستند ولی به علت ملاحظات اخلاقی، مطالعات محدودی بر روی آن ها صورت گرفته است) و سلول های پس از تولد. سلول های پس از تولد خود به دو دسته تقسیم می شوند که شامل، سلول های بنیادی خون ساز و سلول های بنیادی مزانشیمی است. سلول های بنیادی مزانشیمی توانایی تمایز یافتن به سلول های متعددی از جمله تنوسیت، کندروسیت و فیبروبلاست را دارند. بنابراین این سلول ها یک جایگزین بالقوه برای درمان ضایعات تاندونی هستند. این مقاله نگاهی کلی به ساختمان، بیومکانیک و اختلالات تاندونی داشته و ضمن اشاره به درمان های رایج امروزی، با معرفی سلول های بنیادی و مطالعات گذشته نگر، امکان استفاده از این سلول ها در درمان بهینه ی اختلالات تاندونی را بررسی می کند.
The tendon is a firm fibrous band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. This structure has the ability to transfer mechanical forces resulting from muscle contraction to the skeletal system. Tendinitis is a general term, often used to describe painful tendon situations due to constant stretching, overuse, degeneration, or poor tendon biomechanism. Tendinopathy is often the result of useless attempts by the body to regenerate a tendon, which a pathological conflict has led to a malfunction. Various treatments have been used to manage tendon disorders. Stem cells are divided into two categories. Embryonic cells (which are very potential but due to ethical considerations, limited studies have been done on them) and postnatal cells. Postnatal cells are divided into two categories, which include; Hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into multiple cells, including tenocytes, chondrocytes, and fibroblasts. these cells are a potential alternative to treating tendon lesions. This article presentan overview of the structure, biomechanics and disorders of tendon and, while pointing to the common therapies today, introduces stem cells , retrospective studies and possibility of using these cells in the optimal treatment of tendon disorders.
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