A Review of Tumors in the Perineal, Vulvar, and Vaginal Regions of Mares
Subject Areas : Veterinary Soft and Hard Tissue Surgery
Mohammadreza Valilu
1
,
Amirreza Yaghoubpour
2
,
Nahid Sadeghpour
3
,
Alireza Najafpour
4
*
1 - Department of Veterinary pathobiology, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 - Resident of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
3 - midwifery department, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran.
4 -
Keywords: Tumor, Perineum, Vulva, Vagina, Horse,
Abstract :
Background: A review study on common tumors of the external genital tract in mares.
Objectives: To define and review the common tumors of the external genital tract in mares.
Methods: A review study using various published sources related to common tumors of the external genital tract in mares.
Results: A tumor is the result of abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth in various tissues and organs of the body. These masses can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors have a good prognosis and are confined to their original location, not spreading to other parts of the body. In contrast, malignant tumors have a poor prognosis and have the capability to metastasize and invade nearby and distant tissues. Neoplasia in the reproductive system of mares is generally rare, but some tumors have greater clinical significance. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common and important malignant tumors in the genital area of mares, typically occurring in non-pigmented areas and at the junction between skin and mucous membranes. This tumor can quickly metastasize to lymph nodes and other organs, causing significant health issues for the animal. Leiomyoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the uterus and vagina in mares, typically seen more frequently with increasing age. This tumor can be associated with infertility and bloody discharge. Sarcoids are common skin tumors in equids that have the ability to invade subcutaneous tissues. These tumors often appear in freshly healed wounds and have a high likelihood of recurrence after surgical removal. Melanoma is another tumor predominantly seen in gray horses and, to a lesser extent, in non-pigmented horses. This tumor can affect the aesthetic appearance of the horse's skin and, in some cases, metastasize to other parts of the body. The aim of this study is to review the tumors of the perineal, vulvar, and vaginal regions in mares.
Conclusions: Understanding the common tumors of the external genital tract can aid in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of these tumors.
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